lunes, 10 de abril de 2017

Bioterra 2017

ENEEKek ezagutzera eman du 2016ko nekazaritza ekologikoaren balantzea.
Bioterra XIV. edizioaren azkeneko prestaketa-lanetan dabil, eta dagoeneko saldu du erakusketa-eremuaren % 80.



Gaur goizean,  prentsaurrekoa eman dute Ficoban, ekainaren 2tik 4ra bitartean bertan egingo den Bioterraren XIV. edizioa aurkezteko. Ekitaldi horretara bertaratu da ENEEK, Euskadiko Nekazaritza eta Elikadura Ekologikoaren Kontseilua eta azokaren Antolamendu Batzordearen kidea, Euskadiko nekazaritza ekologikoaren 2016ko datuak ezagutzera emateko. Bioterraren eta ENEEKen arduradunekin batera egon da Baskegur, Euskadiko baso- eta zur-sektorea ordezkatzen duen elkarte profesionalaren zuzendaria. Lehen aldia da Baskegurrek Bioterran parte hartzen duela.

Bioterra, Produktu Ekologikoen, Bioeraikuntzaren, Energia Berriztagarrien eta Kontsumo Arduratsuaren azokak haren mezua sozializatzen eta erakusketari berriak erakartzen jarraitzen du, eta horrekin batera kultura ekologikoaren eta iraunkorraren inguruan ikuspegi berriak ematen ere bai.  Bioterrak urtetik urtera eskaintza handiagoa du gero eta zabalagoa eta heterogeneoagoa den publiko bati erantzuteko. Aldi berean, agente anitzeko lankidetza areagotu du.

Edizio honetan, adibidez, Baskegur ere bertan egongo da, Euskadiko baso-eta zur-sektorea ordezkatzen duen elkarte profesionala. Haren xedea Euskadik nagusiki baso-herrialde gisara duen ikuspegia sozializatzea da, balio-kate guztian aberastasuna sortzen duen produktu-sorta zabal bat barne hartzen duen industria garrantzitsu baten eragilea —baso-zerbitzuen enpresak, errematatzaileak, lehen transformazioko enpresak (zerrak eta enbalaje-egileak), pasta- eta paper-industriak, bigarren transformazioko enpresak (altzariak, egitura, arotzeria, etab.), eta baita bioenergia-enpresak ere—.

Baskegurrek gizarteari mezu bat igorri nahi dio, hain zuen eguneroko kontsumoan industria iraunkorra sustatzen duen egurra sar dezala.

Baskegurrek gizarteari mezu bat igorri nahi dio, hain zuen eguneroko kontsumoan industria iraunkorra sustatzen duen egurra sar dezala. Euskadiko zuhaiztiak gutxi gorabehera lurraldearen % 54 hartzen du, hots, 396.962  hektarea, Europar Batasuneko ratio altuenetako bat. Egurraren baso-sektoreak Euskadin zuzeneko 13.000 lanpostu baino gehiago sortzen ditu eta beste 7.000 sorrarazten ditu, (lanean ari direnen % 2). Eragin ekonomiko garrantzitsua du -309 milioi euroko diru-sarrerak administrazio publikoentzat- , eta, horrez gain, haren jarduerak onura garrantzitsuak dakarzkio gizarte osoari. Izan ere, ekoizpen-jarduera mantentzeaz gainera, baso-ekosistema zaintzen du, basoek karbono dioxidoa atxikitzean klima-aldaketaren kontra egiten laguntzen dute, ur-hornidura dira eta hiritarrek aisialdirako erabil dezakete.

Baskegur eta beste erakusketari batzuk Geobat gunean egongo dira. Gune honek geobiologia, bioeraikuntza, energia berriztagarriak eta kudeaketa ekologikoa biltzen ditu, eta gero eta garrantzia handiagoa hartzen ari da Bioterran, publikoa gai horiekiko erakusten ari den interesaren ondorioz.

Nekazaritza ekologikoa 2016an.
Baskegur da aurtengo nobedadeetako bat, baina ENEEKek Bioterraren ibilbide osoan parte hartu du erakusketari eta Bioterraren Antolamendu Batzordearen kide gisara. Gaur goizean, Ficoban egin den prentsaurrekoan, Euskadiko Nekazaritza eta Elikadura Ekologikoaren Kontseiluak Euskadiko nekazaritza ekologikoaren bilakaeraren 2016ko balantzea egin du.

Eta beste urtebetez hazkuntzaz hitz egin dezakegu. Operadore ekologikoen kopurua % 8 igo da 2015arekin alderatuta; 514 operadore daude izena emanda, 2015ean baino 38 gehiago. Termino erlatiboetan, Gipuzkoak ekoizpen ekologikoaren ordezkaritza handiena izaten jarraitzen du Euskadin: 206 operadore ditu (% 40,1), Arabako 147 (% 28,6) eta Bizkaiko (% 31,3) 161 operadoreen aurrean.

Laborantza ekologikoaren azalerari dagokionez, % 7,74 hazi da 2015arekin alderatuta; orain, 3.214 hektarea ekologiko daude. Arabak Euskadiko azalera osoaren % 54,9 lantzen jarraitzen du (1.763 ha), Bizkaiak % 24,4 (785 ha) eta Gipuzkoak % 20,7 (666 ha).

2016ko amaieran, ekologikoko larre, belaze, bazka eta proteaginosoen ekoizpen ekologikoak nagusi izaten jarraitzen du hedadurari dagokionean; izan ere, ziurtatutako azalera osoaren % 57 hartzen dute (1.840 ha), eta haien atzetik datoz mahatsondoa (% 16, 516 ha), aleko zerealak (% 8,5, 274 ha), barazkiak (% 6, 193 ha) eta fruta-arbolak (% 6,5, 208 ha).

Abeltzaintza ekologikoari dagokionez, Euskadin abeltzaintzako 95 ustiapen daude, % 10,5eko hazkundearekin pasadan urteko jaitsierari itzulia emanez. Haragitarako behi-hazienda ekoizpen-orientazio ekologiko esanguratsuena izaten jarraitzen du Euskadin (%27). Eta atzetik datoz haragitarako ardi-hazienda (%17) eta erruteko hegaztizaintza (%16). Aurten, barraskiloaren hazkuntza ekologikorako ustiapen kopuruaren hazkundea azpimarratu behar da, 1 izatetik 3 izatera pasa delako.

Bestalde, produktu ekologikoko nekazaritzako elikagaien transformazioko enpresak Euskadiko ekoizpen ekologikoaren bereizgarri izaten jarraitzen dute. Proportzioan, mota horretako industriek duten ordezkagarritasuna garrantzitsua da Estatuko beste erkidegoekin alderatuta. 2016ko amaieran, 152 dira nekazaritzako elikagaien jarduerak. Jardueren arabera, landare-jatorriko enpresen barruan azpimarratzekoak dira ogiaren elaborazioa (%23), ardoaren elaborazioa eta/edo ontziratzea (%23, 3 puntuko igoerarekin) eta ardoa ez beste edari alkoholdunen elaborazioa (sagardoa, kasu), eta gailetak, gozogintza eta pastelgintza (biek %10eko ordezkagarritasuna dute). Animalia jatorriko produktuen transformazioko enpresen barruan, azpimarratzekoak dira esne-transformazioko enpresak (%30), hiltegiak eta zatiketa-gelak, industria ziurtatu guztien % 32ra iritsi arte hirukoiztu direnak, eta arrain-kontserbagintzak (% 19).

ENEEKen izena emanda dauden transformazioko enpresek eta komertzializatzaileek datu garrantzitsu bat ematen digute transformazio ekologikoko industriaren bilakaeraren eta produktu ekologikoen kontsumoari buruz. Datu hori nabarmen igo da berriro ere: % 28,77ko hazkundea 2015arekin alderatuta, 17.368.170€-ko fakturazio orokorrarekin 2016an. Euskadiko Ekoizpen Ekologikoa Sustatzeko Ekimena hasi zeneko urtea (2014) erreferentziatzat hartzen badugu, fakturazioko bolumena % 125 igo dela ikusiko dugu (7.714.963€ fakturatu ziren 2014. urtean).



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